The microprocessor is the heart of a normal computer, whether it is a desktop machine, a server or a laptop. The microprocessor you are using may be a Pentium, a K6, a PowerPC, a Sparc or any of the many different brands and types of microprocessors, but they all do roughly the same in the same way.
A microprocessor - also known as a CPU or central processing unit - is a complete calculation engine that is manufactured on a single chip. The first microprocessor was the Intel 4004, introduced in 1971. The 4004 was not very powerful - all it could do was add and subtract, and it could only do that 4 bits at a time. But it was amazing that everything on one chip. Prior to 4004, engineers built computers either from collections of chips or from discrete components (transistors one at a time). The 4004 powered one of the first portable electronic calculators.
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